{"id":3079,"date":"2024-08-25T18:50:14","date_gmt":"2024-08-25T20:50:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/elmeistrai.lt\/?p=3079"},"modified":"2024-08-25T18:50:14","modified_gmt":"2024-08-25T20:50:14","slug":"kaip-veikia-fotoaparatu-objektyvai-pagrindiniai-komponentai-ir-ju-funkcijos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/elmeistrai.lt\/ru\/kaip-veikia-fotoaparatu-objektyvai-pagrindiniai-komponentai-ir-ju-funkcijos\/","title":{"rendered":"\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b \u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440: \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u0438 \u0438\u0445 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Fotoaparat\u0173 objektyvai yra vieni i\u0161 svarbiausi\u0173 fotografijos \u012franki\u0173. Jie padeda sukurti ry\u0161kius, ai\u0161kius vaizdus ir turi tiesiogin\u0119 \u012ftak\u0105 nuotraukos kokybei. \u0160iame straipsnyje ap\u017evelgsime pagrindinius objektyvo komponentus ir j\u0173 funkcijas.<\/p>\n<h2>Objektyvo l\u0119\u0161iai: \u0161viesos krypties keitimas<\/h2>\n<p>Pagrindinis objektyvo komponentas yra l\u0119\u0161iai, kurie pagaminti i\u0161 stiklo ar plastiko. L\u0119\u0161iai yra atsakingi u\u017e \u0161viesos spinduli\u0173 krypties keitim\u0105, kad jie susikirst\u0173 tiesiai ant fotoaparato jutiklio. Priklausomai nuo objektyvo tipo, l\u0119\u0161iai gali b\u016bti i\u0161gaubti (konkav\u016bs) arba \u012fgaubti (konveksiniai). Kiekvienas l\u0119\u0161is turi savo specifin\u0119 funkcij\u0105, pavyzd\u017eiui, i\u0161gaubti l\u0119\u0161iai surenka \u0161vies\u0105, o \u012fgaubti j\u0105 sklaido.<\/p>\n<h2>Diafragma: \u0161viesos kiekio reguliavimas<\/h2>\n<p>Diafragma yra kitas svarbus objektyvo komponentas, kuris reguliuoja, kiek \u0161viesos patenka \u012f fotoaparat\u0105. Diafragma veikia kaip fotoaparato \u201eakis\u201c, susiaurinant arba i\u0161ple\u010diant ang\u0105, per kuri\u0105 praeina \u0161viesa. Tai leid\u017eia fotografams valdyti ekspozicij\u0105 ir gylio a\u0161trum\u0105. Ma\u017eesn\u0117 diafragma (didesnis f\/stop skai\u010dius) leid\u017eia ma\u017eiau \u0161viesos ir suteikia didesn\u012f gylio a\u0161trum\u0105, o didesn\u0117 diafragma (ma\u017eesnis f\/stop skai\u010dius) leid\u017eia daugiau \u0161viesos ir suteikia ma\u017eesn\u012f gylio a\u0161trum\u0105.<\/p>\n<h2>Fokusavimo mechanizmas: vaizdo a\u0161trumo u\u017etikrinimas<\/h2>\n<p>Fokusavimo mechanizmas leid\u017eia objektyvui reguliuoti l\u0119\u0161i\u0173 pad\u0117t\u012f, kad b\u016bt\u0173 u\u017etikrintas vaizdo a\u0161trumas. Dauguma moderni\u0173 fotoaparat\u0173 turi automatin\u012f fokusavim\u0105 (AF), kuris naudoja jutiklius ir variklius, kad greitai ir tiksliai sufokusuot\u0173 objekt\u0105. Ta\u010diau daugelis fotograf\u0173 taip pat m\u0117gsta naudoti rankin\u012f fokusavim\u0105, ypa\u010d tais atvejais, kai reikia didesnio tikslumo arba k\u016brybin\u0117s kontrol\u0117s.<\/p>\n<h2>Objektyvo danga: apsauga ir vaizdo kokyb\u0117s gerinimas<\/h2>\n<p>Dauguma auk\u0161tos kokyb\u0117s objektyv\u0173 turi specialias dangas, kurios padeda suma\u017einti atspind\u017eius ir \u0161viesos sklaid\u0105. \u0160ios dangos taip pat apsaugo l\u0119\u0161ius nuo dulki\u0173, vandens la\u0161eli\u0173 ir \u012fbr\u0117\u017eim\u0173. Tai ypa\u010d svarbu lauko fotografams, kurie da\u017enai dirba sud\u0117tingomis s\u0105lygomis.<\/p>\n<h2>\u017didinio nuotolis: vaizdo mastelio keitimas<\/h2>\n<p>\u017didinio nuotolis yra dar vienas esminis objektyvo parametras, kuris lemia, kiek arti ar toli fotografuojamas objektas pasirodys nuotraukoje. \u017didinio nuotolis matuojamas milimetrais (mm) ir gali b\u016bti fiksuotas arba kintantis (zoom). Kintamo \u017eidinio nuotolio objektyvai leid\u017eia fotografams keisti \u017eidinio nuotol\u012f, taip suteikiant daugiau lankstumo.<br \/>\nObjektyvai yra sud\u0117tingi \u012frenginiai, kuriuose kiekvienas komponentas atlieka svarb\u0173 vaidmen\u012f. Supratimas, kaip veikia \u0161ie komponentai, gali pad\u0117ti fotografams geriau valdyti savo \u012frang\u0105 ir pasiekti pageidaujamus fotografinius rezultatus.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b \u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440 - \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0438. \u041e\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0447\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438\u0435, \u044f\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u043b\u0438\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0438.....<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3078,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3079","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fotoaparatu-remontas-fotoaparatai-objektyvai-video-kameros","wpcat-22-id"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Kaip veikia fotoaparat\u0173 objektyvai: pagrindiniai komponentai ir j\u0173 funkcijos<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/elmeistrai.lt\/ru\/kaip-veikia-fotoaparatu-objektyvai-pagrindiniai-komponentai-ir-ju-funkcijos\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ru_RU\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Kaip veikia fotoaparat\u0173 objektyvai: pagrindiniai komponentai ir j\u0173 funkcijos\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Fotoaparat\u0173 objektyvai yra vieni i\u0161 svarbiausi\u0173 fotografijos \u012franki\u0173. Jie padeda sukurti ry\u0161kius, ai\u0161kius vaizdus ir turi tiesiogin\u0119 \u012ftak\u0105 nuotraukos kokybei....\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/elmeistrai.lt\/ru\/kaip-veikia-fotoaparatu-objektyvai-pagrindiniai-komponentai-ir-ju-funkcijos\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Vilniuje, Kaune, Klaip\u0117doje, \u0160iauliuose\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/elmeistrai.lt\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-08-25T20:50:14+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/elmeistrai.lt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Kaip_veikia_fotoaparatu_objektyvai__pagrindiniai_komponentai_ir_ju_funkcijos.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1280\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"872\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"elMeistrai\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" 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